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From Odwiki

Depth Of Field (sometimes called Depth Of Focus or, for fun, DOF) is a term used in photography a lot that refers to the portion of the image which appears in focus. mantra and many other renderers support rendering Depth Of Field. For mantra, there is a checkbox in the MantraROP to enable it. The Focus and F-Stop parameters of the camera control the depth of field.

Bokeh is a term (a Japanese word actually) used to describe the unfocused areas of an image. The term Circle Of Confusion is used to describe the area over which a point in will be blurred in the image. There are several models one can use to simulate the distribution in the Circle Of Confusion - for example, using a GaussianDistribution creates a smooth creamy look that looks similar to Leica lens. Most lenses exhibit anything between an inverted triangle to a rectangular shape. Mantra seems to render DOF using a rectangular (square?) shape which becomes evident in extremely out-of-focus areas.

Real lenses may have a slightly brighter ring on the edge of the Circle Of Confusion. Some lenses might cause several "satellite" circles. Basically, a camera creates its image with characteristics which are determined by the shape of the diaphragm opening and the details of the lens design's aberrations. Every lens is different, but the majority exhibit similar characteristics.