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From Odwiki

mantra supports various kernels and width for pixel filters.

A pixel filter is the method by which all the rendered samples in or around the pixel radius are averaged together.

When rendering, it happens that there are many samples calculated inside one pixel, especially when there is a high ShadingQuality selected or dense geometry or distant geometry where many polygons (points) are fit into a pixel. The filter can also extend outside of the radius of the pixel. In low-contrast renders, sometimes the PixelFilter looks pretty much the same if you'd run the resultant (box filtered) image through an image filter after the render was completed, but for high-constrast high-frequency shading, the quality is much higher to adjust the PixelFilter at render-time.